Gallipoli: what to see in the Beautiful City of Salento
Gallipoli: what to see in the Beautiful City of Salento
Are you ready to have an unforgettable experience in one of the most picturesque places in southern Italy? If you're planning a trip to Puglia, you definitely need to put Gallipoli on your must-see list. This coastal town is a true hidden treasure, offering much more than sun and sea. Here you can find a variety of cultural, historical and natural attractions that will leave you speechless.
Nestled in a Mediterranean atmosphere, Gallipoli is famous for its breathtaking beaches and crystal clear waters that rain down. But there's much more to discover in this charming city, which boasts a very interesting cultural and historical heritage.
During your visit to Gallipoli, you'll be able to admire the many monuments and Baroque churches, enjoy the local cuisine, and have an authentic experience in the alleys of the old town. Don't miss the opportunity to stroll along the waterfront and admire the picturesque natural landscapes.
To help you collaborate with your trip, we've selected the best attractions in Gallipoli that you can't miss. Choose your favorites and discover the beauty of this enchanting city!
The famous appellation "City Beautiful" (this is the meaning of the toponym derived from the Greek language) fits her like a glove. Attractive, in fact, Gallipoli has always been, since its very ancient origins. Otherwise, it would not be explained why it has been continually, over the centuries, at the center of the aims of various conquering peoples: dominations and invasions by the Romans, Barbarians, Byzantines, Greeks, Normans, Angevins, Aragonese, Venetians, Spanish, French and others have succeeded one another on its territory.The "honey" of the Ionian city, there is no doubt, was and has long been its port and the commercial activities related to it. Indeed, its ports. There are two, in fact, the landing and mooring places for boats, the oldest of which (the fishing port) stands near the Greek Fountain and close to the Rivellino, almost at the border (marked by a masonry bridge from the 1600s) between the modern town (the renowned Corso Roma is its symbol) and the old town.
That's right, the "City Beautiful" has two souls, and the other port, the merchant port, flanks a wall of that old town that rises, indeed floats, on an ancient limestone island.To welcome you, in the Gallipoli of yesteryear, will be the Angevin Castle, a defensive structure further strengthened, in later times, by the Rivellino: you will observe them in the flesh (but also reflected in the sheet of water on which they lie) to your left, as you are intent on crossing the threshold (the famous bridge) between the present, full of charm, and the equally attractive past. Once you step out of the time machine, then, you'll find yourself facing a tangle of evocative narrow streets, where history flourishes at every corner: get ready for a roundup of Churches (including the majestic Cathedral of St. Agatha, a Baroque specimen), noble palaces and the underground oil mill of Palazzo Granafei (where, once upon a time, the flagship of the local trade, lampante oil, was produced).But Gallipoli is not only history, culture and art. There is the sea (and it is no coincidence that the city's other nickname is the "Pearl of the Ionian"): a velvety blue mantle that covers the mostly sandy southern coastline for some 20 kilometers and also extends north to Rivabella. There is nature: pine forests and plants typical of the Mediterranean maquis frame the shores, but the real masterpiece is the "Regional Natural Park Isola di Sant'Andrea e litorale di Punta Pizzo," a protected oasis of no less than 700 hectares.
The history of Gallipoli
About the origins of the city of Gallipoli opinions are controversial. According to one legend it was founded by the Cretan hero Idomeneo (who is said to have brought to the city the image of the rooster imprinted on his shield, later chosen for the city's coat of arms), while another legend says it was created by the Spartan Leucippus. In fact, human presence seems to be of prehistoric origin and probably Gallipoli was the port landing of the Messapian city of Alezio, later destroyed. The name, however, is of Greek derivation, Gallipoli in fact derives from "Kale Polis" ("Beautiful City") and dates back to when the center was a colony of Magna Graecia. Then, in 265 B.C., to occupy its soil after the victory in the First Punic War came Rome, since Gallipoli had chosen to flank Tarentum and Pyrrhus. It cannot be said, however, that Roman rule did not benefit its development: communication routes were strengthened and port activities increased, until Gallipoli became a real municipality. Unfortunately, the works built by the Romans were completely destroyed in the Middle Ages (during about 450), with the invasions of the Barbarians (Vandals and Goths). Then it was the turn of the Byzantines who ruled in Gallipoli for 42 years beginning in 500.
Under the Roman empire of Onesti, from 542, the city experienced a new period of flourishing, symbolized by the construction of the famous Castle, created for defensive purposes and later enhanced by another fortified structure, the well-known Rivellino Tower, connected by a drawbridge to the main building. However, the center remained with the Byzantines for a long time, so much so that the observation of the Greek rite was maintained until the 16th century, only to pass into the hands of the Normans in 1071, which was followed by disputed dominations between the Swabians, Angevins and Aragonese that we remember above all for the ruthless Angevin siege of 1268, for architectural traces that have survived to the present day and for increasing trade.But it was under the Spaniards that, in the 16th century, the city shone again, especially in the field of handicrafts and merchant trades, including the flourishing lampante oil trade. Precisely to support the increased volumes of traffic, construction of a new port began in 1773, which was not completed, however, until 1830 under the reign of Ferdinand I of Bourbon, with whom Gallipoli became part of the Kingdom of Naples.
The expansion of the city from the Centro Storico built on a small peninsula was planned in 1785 with numerous orthogonal streets that have greatly contributed to today's conformation. With the approach of the Unification of Italy the city became first a district capital, then, immediately after 1861, a district capital with Lecce and Taranto. It was reached by the railroad in 1880 and subjected to a housing "redevelopment plan" that was a serious historical mistake, since it demolished the ancient city gate and city walls to make way for scenic boulevards. It eventually entered the orbit of the Province of Lecce, remaining an important tourist hub.
A walk through the historic center
Gallipoli's historic center is one of the most fascinating and well-preserved in southern Italy. Built on an island connected to the mainland by a bridge, it offers a unique experience to visitors who immerse themselves in its narrow cobbled streets and picturesque alleys.
As you walk through Gallipoli's historic center, you can admire Baroque churches, whitewashed houses and ancient watchtowers that recall the city's important defensive role in the past. Among the main attractions to visit are the Church of Santa Maria della Purità, the Church of San Francesco d'Assisi and the Rivellino Tower. If you're a fan of sacred art, don't miss the Cathedral Basilica of Sant'Agata. This 17th-century Baroque church houses some important works of art, including paintings by local artists such as Giovanni Andrea Coppola.
Don't miss the opportunity to visit Gallipoli Castle. This 15th-century fortress was built to defend the city from Turkish invasions. Today it houses a permanent exhibition on the city's history and offers panoramic views of the harbor and the sea.
Don't miss the opportunity to taste delicious local products in the stores and traditional restaurants in the historic center. You'll be able to enjoy the typical cuisine of Puglia, made of simple, high-quality ingredients, such as burrata, taralli, sun-dried tomatoes, and olive oil. You'll also enjoy fresh fish specialties, such as octopus alla pignata and mussels au gratin.
In addition, Gallipoli's historic center is famous for its markets, where you can buy fresh, high-quality local produce. Gallipoli's covered market is a must for food and wine lovers. Here you'll find a wide selection of cheeses, cold cuts, fresh fruits and vegetables, as well as a wide variety of local wines and liquors.
A visit to the historic center of Gallipoli is an unmissable experience for anyone visiting the city. Here you can immerse yourself in the history and culture of southern Italy, taste local products and admire the picturesque Mediterranean landscapes.
The Port
It is not accurate to talk about the port of Gallipoli, because of landing and mooring facilities the "Beautiful City" has as many as two. That's right: one in the vicinity of the Greek Fountain, intended for the paranze; the other, the merchant one, in the old town. The latter, renovated several times, today covers 80 thousand square meters, but its history begins way back in the 15th century. It was the Venetians, in fact, then the Aragonese, who transformed what was a small shelter for boats into a port worthy of the name that, starting in the 1500s, became a fundamental point of reference for the wine trade, but especially for lampante oil. Yes, because Gallipoli, long before it was the "Beautiful City," and even before the port was built, was first and foremost the city of oil. From there, the "yellow gold" was exported not only to Naples and Venice, but also to England (required by woolen and dye factories) and Russia (for votive use).
The fame of Gallipoli's product of excellence was so widespread that, every year in the 18th and 16th centuries, the "Fiera del Canneto" was held in the week between July 2 and 8. At that time, about 85,000 quintals of oil were produced annually. But who "forged" the yellow gold? The Gallipoli farmers, inside the famous "trappeti," or underground oil mills, among which the one housed by Palazzo Granafei in the old town, on Via Antonietta De Pace, can still be visited. Today, the port has lost its centrality and the commercial function it once had, but it is an important tourist port that the Tramontana Pier and the Molo Foraneo defend from storm surges. Not only that: in the port area, given its large size, important and celebrated events take place, such as concerts and especially the Baroque Prize, the renowned cultural event that, until last year, was broadcast live on Rai 1. A curiosity: the port of Gallipoli is portrayed in illustrious postcards and two paintings by the Gallipoli painter Giulio Pagliano, preserved inside the "Emanuele Barba" Civic Museum. Dating back to the early decades of the twentieth century are the canvases "The House of Health and the Port of Gallipoli" and "View of the Port of Gallipoli (war dressing table)."
Natural excursions in Gallipoli
The Regional Nature Park Isola di Sant'Andrea e Punta Pizzo is a must for nature lovers visiting Gallipoli. This park covers about 1,000 hectares of rocky coastline, sand dunes and Mediterranean scrub, offering a wide variety of natural landscapes to discover.
A walk in the park will take you through paths immersed in Mediterranean scrub, among plants of rosemary, thyme and myrtle. Along the way, you can admire the rocky coastline and white sandy beaches overlooking the crystal clear sea. In addition, the park also offers many opportunities for outdoor activities, such as snorkeling or birdwatching.
The beaches of Gallipoli
Gallipoli's beaches are among the most beautiful in Salento. Baia Verde, Punta della Suina and Lido San Giovanni are just some of the beaches you can't miss. Here you can enjoy the sun, take a dip in the crystal clear waters and relax on the white sand. If you prefer a quieter beach, there are also many less crowded and more isolated beaches where you can enjoy the sea in complete tranquility.
In addition, Gallipoli's beaches offer many activities for those looking for a bit of adventure. You can enjoy water sports such as kayaking, windsurfing, and kitesurfing, or rent a boat to explore the coast and surrounding islands.
In summary, if you're planning a trip to Puglia, Gallipoli is a great choice for nature and sea lovers. With its natural park, beaches, and numerous outdoor activities, this coastal city offers a unique experience you won't easily forget.
The Carnival of Gallipoli
The Carnival of Gallipoli is one of the oldest in Italy and among the best known in the region along with that of Putignano. It has been held every year since 1941, except for 2011 and 2012. The Carnival period traditionally begins on January 17 with the lighting of the focara di Sant'Antonio Abate, but the actual festivities begin later.The highlight is reached during the last carnival Sunday and Shrove Tuesday, days when large floats made of papier-mâché by skilled artisans are paraded through the city streets and on the main Corso Roma, along with masked groups that stage themed performances or put the float "in operation." The event attracts thousands of people from all over Apulia's cities, who watch the spectacle in civilian dress or also in masquerade along the transennaded streets.The tradition of carnival is in any case much older than the "official festival," so much so that there are eighteenth-century documents from which carnivalesque folklore performances result, and it is thought that the real origins date back to the medieval period from the initiative of popular spirit, as it has been preserved until today.Interestingly, this folk expression is experienced by the locals with a series of time and ritual deadlines dating back to those times, in a continuous intermingling of pagan and Christian symbolism, such as the very choice of the day of St. Anthony's Focara to sanction its beginning: at the same time as the main bonfire, several other smaller fires are lit in the streets, giving rise to the ancient tradition of St. Anthony's "focareddhre." The bonfires themselves are lit following rituals that have been codified over the centuries. Documents show that already at that time numerous disguises were rampant in the streets of the historic center, made with both the cloths of the poor and the silks of the rich and thus involving all social strata, with the unique goal of making people laugh and propagating jokes while forgetting for a while the problems of everyday life. The masks were greeted amid applause and confetti. The first sarcastic floats appeared at the beginning of the twentieth century, flanking the original one of "Lu Titoru." The definitive revival of Carnival in Gallipoli on a permanent and organized basis began after World War II, with increasing success and reaching even more than a hundred thousand people.The Gallipoli Carnival as just mentioned also has its own mask, the one known as "Lu Titoru," the dialect name for Theodore. His mask was created to commemorate precisely Teodoro, who according to tradition after returning from military service asked his mother to make him some tasty meatballs. Having not eaten them for a long time, however, he swallowed them fiercely and choked. Another version says that the young man, finally indulging in fun and unrestrained eating, choked while eating sausages and pork meatballs one after another. The boy's mother is called Caremma, a dialect name for Lent. The tradition has no verifiable records, but the mask is depicted in every carnival, along with Caremma and a number of other figures mourning him.
The typical cuisine
Gallipoli, the hour of lunch and dinner is a magical moment: as if by magic, in fact, it happens that the inhabitants of its sea (fish, crustaceans and mollusks) dive into the succulent dishes served on the richly laid tables. But the magic continues inside the dishes, where the velvety sea blends with the rustic land and its typical products (vegetables, vegetables, grains, legumes).Among the appetizers, you might find the famous and traditional "scapece": today the guest of honor at the stalls during the characteristic patronal festivals, yesterday an ideal source of nourishment (because "long shelf life") during periods of enemy siege. These are small fish (usually "ope" and "cupiddhi") fried and marinated between layers of yellow breadcrumbs, colored by saffron.
A poor man's dish, as are the tantalizing cod-stuffed "pittule," in which the fritters of leavened dough are flavored with the famous cod preserved in salt.But the fish, which must be soaked in cold water before being eaten, is also the protagonist of the dish (often a single dish) of "baccalà con le patate," cooked in a stew. The famous Apulian tuber returns, then, in the equally famous "taieddhra," baked in the terracotta pan of the same name, in which rice, potatoes and mussels are placed.It is potatoes again that meet the sea in the "purpu alla pignata," a base of octopus stewed with sauce, all laid in the ancient earthenware vessel that gives the dish its name.Fish makes traditional dishes more refined, in short, as in the case of spelt soup with seafood and redfish, or semolina seasoned with black mussels and walnuts, not to mention tagliatelle with shrimp and chickpea cream. What about, finally, artisanal ("homemade") pasta seasoned with fish and seafood sauces?
And between a mouthful of "minchiareddhi" and one of "orecchiette," don't forget to sip the excellent local wine ( Malvasia, Lambrusco, Negroamaro and Primitivo among the reds, Chardonnay, Moscato and Verdeca among the whites), another of the jewels in the crown of Apulian food and wine.Wine and good food are also protagonists of the traditional festivals that delight the palates of tourists and locals around Salento, all seasoned with music and folk dances (the famous "pizzica"). In Gallipoli, the most anticipated is the "sagra de la frisa e te lu pesce frittu," scheduled for the summer.
Where to find Gallipoli
Gallipoli lies on the eastern coast of the Salento peninsula, in the province of Lecce therefore. With more than 20,000 inhabitants, the town is one of the most populous centers in the area. In front of Gallipoli rises another island, this one not connected in any way to the mainland, called Isola di Sant'Andrea. Overall, the territory of Gallipoli runs along a coastline that includes several localities, among which we mention Baia Verde and Punta Pizzo proceeding southward, Rivabella and Lido Conchiglie, proceeding northward instead. Punta Pizzo, as well as the Island of Sant'Andrea, are part of a Regional Natural Park.
Choose the ideal accommodation for your vacation in Gallipoli
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